PCB, the abbreviation of printed circuit board, also known as printed wiring board or PWB, is a medium used to connect electronic components to one another in a controlled manner. It takes the form of a laminated sandwich structure of conductive and insulating layers and it allows interconnections among different layers through plated through holes.

Since the 1940s, printed circuit boards have been used in nearly all electronic products. In the past decades, the rapid development of leading technologies drives more new techniques in PCB creation. PCBs can be classified into many types by their structures, materials, degree of hardness and techniques etc.

Standard PCBs are circuit boards designed and fabricated by adhering to IPC-6012 standards. These PCBs come with common specifications and stack-ups which usually require no special manufacturing technologies.